Ethnic identity

Abstract: The main purpose of this research is to explain the role of globalization on the relation-ship between the sovereignty of the country and the identity of the Turkmens. This re-search is a developmental and applied goal and is qualitatively based on the nature of the research. The statistical community in the qualitative section is a social sciences and political scientist. Experts were identified by purposeful sampling and snowflake sam-pling which, according to the adequacy of the data, was interviewed in total with 20 ex-perts. The analysis method was the theme analysis based on Clarke and Bron's approach (2006). The data gathered through an in-depth interviewing. The results indicate that the recognition of the existing gap in the society has been identified in the context of the effect of globalization on the capacities of the Turkmens, the criteria for the formation of the virtual ethnic communities, the collective identification of the Turkmens, the de-velopment of the inside ethnic Turkmen interaction, the recognition of the rights of the Turkmens. In the area of solutions to the emergence of national sovereignty, globaliza-tion problems including cultural and social, and political strategies, economic, and legal solutions were identified.

Purpose: This study aims to compare the significance of ethnic identity, national identity, and symbolic goods among the residents of Afjeh village, influenced by Tehran's multicultural identity, and Nobandian village, home to indigenous Iranian ethnic groups in Baluchestan. Methods and Materials: This research employed a quantitative survey approach to allow a more precise comparison of symbolic goods. From a practical perspective, it is applied research and falls under interdisciplinary studies. To test the relationships between identified indicators, an independent samples t-test was used. Findings: The findings indicate that the residents of Nobandian demonstrate a stronger sense of attachment to their ethnic identity but place less importance on national identity compared to the residents of Afjeh. Additionally, the Nobandian residents are more engaged in the production, sale, education, and promotion of symbolic goods. Conversely, the emphasis on ethnicity and the use of symbolic goods are less pronounced among the residents of Afjeh. Conclusion: The results highlight that the nature of attachment to ethnic and national identities and the importance of symbolic goods are subject to constant change due to their fluidity. Changes in social, cultural, and political factors in each region alter the level of importance attributed to ethnic identity, national identity, and symbolic goods. Thus, the more stable the cultural, social, and political foundations of a region, the more stable ethnic identity, national identity,