Decent Work

Our main aim was to identify and prioritize the obstacles to the implementation of decent work in the industry. The current research was applied in terms of purpose. It was also descriptive survey in terms of collecting data. Due to the large extent of industry sector actors, only one side of the main actors' triangle in the industrial sector in Yazd province was selected as the statistical sample.This side of triangle included the heads of unions and workers’ representatives in the industry sector. Thus the data was collected purposefully from this sample. To collect data, in the first step, obstacles to the decent work and its components were identified based on library studies and in-depth initial interviews. In the second step, though, using the Delphi-Fuzzy method and the opinion of some of the experts in the industry sector, the identified obstacles in the first step were analyzed and summarized. In the third step, a questionnaire was designed for ranking the identified obstacles based on the Fuzzy Best-Worst Method. The questionnaire was distributed among a sample of 130 members, of which 80 questionnaires were returned. The final findings of the current study indicated that from the workers’ point of view, the shortcoming in upstream laws, lack of a trust in dialogues, allocating welfare budget to unrelated areas, government-owned industries and lack of trust in other members (workers, employers, and government), were the most difficult obstacles in the implementation of decent work.

Industry of navigation is one of the most important pillars of world’s economy so that According to statistics More than 90% percent of the world’s goods are transferred by merchant ship lines .According to the latest statistics of 2105, 10 billion tons of goods, equivalent to $ 4 trillion, have been transferred by sea and the global economy is dependent on maritime transport, and the lack of it is causing countries to face the crisis. Therefore the establishment of decent work in environments of merchant ships for seafarers has fundamental importance and inevitable effects on economic in national and international level. Merchant ships of the world that are registered in more than 150 countries employed approximately more than 1.5 million of seafarers and this industry also has 10,000 seamen In Iran that in general they considered as marine workers. This study using analytical – descriptive, consider the International Labor Standards and Decent Work factors with glance of maritime security and safety and IMO standard for People at sea.Findings of this study show that marine works are very hard and chore in terms of physical and mental effects. In fact the convention express fundamental rights and principles those seafarers faced in relation to condition of work and living on board of ship.Therefore seafarers have rights that should observe by ship owners and the state flag should confirm the situation of ships with the requirement of the convention. In principles as the skilled and experiment crew is one of the requirements of successful operation in modern ships the process of shortage and unsatisfied crew can hard effects on this industry especially on the secure operation of ship. In decent work, in addition to having a job, you will be entitled to the right Fundamental work, social support and social discourse are also discussed. In other words, the merit of a job is not only about having a job, but also a number of other factors in the work's competence, including the right to form civil formations of labor relations, the prohibition of discrimination in employment, the observance of the minimum age, the prohibition of child labor, the minimum wage proportional to the minimum subsistence The existence of social security, unemployment insurance, rehabilitation, empowerment of women through the acquisition of appropriate job opportunities and the existence of social dialogue between the employer, the employer and the government are also mandatory.

Considering the goals of sustainable development, numerous studies and research have been conducted in the field of supply chain sustainability. While some articles have addressed the social sustainability dimensions of the supply chain, there is a lack of integrated and comprehensive models to assess the performance of these chains in social sustainability dimensions, especially concerning decent work criteria. The present research aims to design a model for the maturity of decent work in the sustainable pharmaceutical supply chain. This research is an applied study from the perspective of objectives and descriptive research methodologically. The research population in the qualitative section consisted of experienced experts in the field of supply chain and decent work, and for this purpose, 15 individuals were selected and interviewed. After designing the initial model, in the qualitative section and initial screening of dimensions and components, 84 concepts remained in the model.