بررسی و مقایسه سیمای پیامبران در غزلیات امیر خسرو دهلوی و بیدل دهلوی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
شاعران فارسی زبان باتوجه به آموزه ها و تعالیم مقدس دین اسلام، با علوم قرآنی آشنا شده و مضامین وحیانی را در اشعار خود آورده اند. یکی از مضامین حائز اهمیت در شعر فارسی که به طور گسترده شاهد کاربرد آن هستیم، داستان پیامبران و مضامین برگرفته از قرآن و کتب تاریخی و دینی است که در آثار و اشعار شاعران نمود پیدا کرده است. امیرخسرو دهلوی و بیدل دهلوی، دو شاعر شاخص و صاحب سبک، در فاصله زمانی چهار قرن از همدیگر زیسته اند. شعر این دو شاعر از جهات مختلف قابل بررسی است. یکی از موارد قابل پژوهش و مقایسه، بازتاب داستان پیامبران در غزلیات این دو شاعر است که اِشراف و بهره گیری آنان را نسبت به تلمیحات و اشارات قرآن و قصص انبیا و دیگر کتب دینی و تاریخی، در نگرش عاشقانه و عارفانه نشان می دهد. هدف این پژوهش آن است که بازتاب سیمای پیامبران و مضامین و اشارات وحیانی و قرآنی را در غزلیات امیرخسرو و بیدل، به شیوه تحلیل محتوا و با رویکرد کتابخانه ای مورد بررسی قرار دهد و ضمن ارائه بسامد و میزان کاربرد نام و القاب پیامبران در قالب نمودار، آگاهی دو شاعر نسبت به مضامین و نحوه بیان، ذوق و هنر آنان را نشان دهد.Examining and comparing the face of the prophets in the Divan Ghazalyat of Amir Khosro Dehlavi and Bidel Dehlavi
The Persian language poets got acquainted with the Quranic sciences through the teachings of Islam in their poems. One of the themes in Persian poetry, which we see its use, is the story of prophets and themes taken from the Qur'an and historical books, which have appeared in most of the poets'. Amir Khosrow and Biddle, two prominent and stylish poets, lived four centuries apart. The poetry of these two poets can be examined in different fields. One of the things that can be researched and compared is the reflection of the stories of the prophets in the sonnets of these two poets, which shows their information and use in relation to the hints and references of the Qur'an, the stories of the prophets and other religious and historical books in a romantic and mystical attitude. The present article intends to examine reflection of the prophets' face and Quranic references in the sonnets of them, by means of content analysis and with a library approach, while presenting the frequency and extent of use of the names of the prophets. In the form of a diagram, it shows the knowledge of the two poets regarding the themes and the way of expression, their taste.1. IntroductionWith the emergence of Islam and its spread, we are witnessing signs of the influence and influence of Islamic culture in the works of Persian language and literature. The story of the Qur'an is one of the sciences of the Qur'an, and perhaps the most interesting. Storytelling has been the most important tool of the scriptures for evangelism and warning (JAD Al-Moli, 1386: 26). "The Persian language is one of the major Islamic languages and benefits from the knowledge of the humanizing of the Qur'an" (Rashid Al-Mohsin, 1385: 9). Poets were introduced to the stories of the prophets through the Quran and other religious books" (pornamdarian, 7:1364). The Qur'an has been used as an inspirational source of Muslim literature and poetry, and each has benefited in some way from this source of knowledge and facts (Zarin KOB, 123:1385). The Qur'an has been used as an inspirational source of Muslim literature and poetry, and each has benefited in some way from this source of knowledge and facts (Zarin KOB, 123:1385).Amir Khosrow" of the famous Persian poets and poets of India in the second half of the seventh century and the beginning of the eighth century "(Safa, 1385: 137), has" works full of the moral teachings of the Arabs " (Panahi, 1389: 53). Biddle was born in azimabad, Penta in 1054 and is one of the greatest late Persian poets after Amir khosrowdlawi and Jami (Safa, 1387: 468_467) and has a great hand in singing ghazals with distant thoughts and strange fantasies (mashaihi, 1397: 178) and creating great works.Biddle dahlowi and Amir Khosrow dahlowi have been influenced by the Quran, religious books and narratives in their ghazals and have created creative meanings. Amir Khosrow and Biddle are two poets of style and lyrical style and are comparable in terms of the theme of ghazals in different contexts. One of these areas is the reflection of the image of the prophets, which shows the surroundings of two poets towards the Quran and religious sources.Significant research has been done on the story of the prophets and the reflection of their events and personality and miracles in the works of poets; but in the study and comparison of the reflection of the story of the prophets, in the ghazals of biddle dahlovi and Amir Khosrow daholvi, except for the treatise conducted at the University of Sistan and Balochistan under the title "examination and comparison of the faces of the prophets in the works of biddel dahlovi and Amir Khosrow daholvi" and by the authors of the lines. No comparative research has been found. The following article is excerpted from the above article.The research hypotheses are 1-there are significant and different references to the stories of the prophets in the ghazals of Biddle and Amir Khosrow. 2-Biddle and Amir Khosrow have used the tales and references related to the stories of the prophets in line with their thoughts. 3-the stories of the prophets in the ghazals of Biddle and Amir Khosrow, taken from the Quran, religious narratives, historical books and the result of deep information and insight. The research questions are 1-What is the extent to which the story and life of the prophets are used in the ghazals of Biddle and Amir Khosrow? 2-What are the similarities and differences in poetry in the expression of personality traits and events in the lives of prophets in the ghazals of two poets? 3-How is Biddle and Amir Khosrow's use and awareness of the story of the prophets?1.1. Detailed Research MethodologyThe descriptive-analytical research method, using library resources, has been studied and analyzed after studying and examining the ghazals of two poets.2. Discussion In his ghazals, Amir Khosrow refers to 13 prophets; in terms of its abundance of applications, it is Joseph (64 times), Khadr (43 times), Jesus (28 times), Solomon (27 times), Jacob (12 times), Adam (12 times), Abraham (6 times), David (3 times), Moses (3 times), Noah (3 times), Muhammad (3 times), Job (2 times) and Jonah (1 time). In his ghazals, Biddle dahlowi refers to 11 prophets and in terms of its abundance of applications, in order Khadr (44 ranks), Yusuf (36 ranks), Solomon (23 ranks), Jesus (23 ranks), Jacob (19 ranks), Adam (16 ranks), Moses (10 ranks), Muhammad (3 ranks), Abraham (2 ranks), Noah (1 Rank) and Elias it's one. A total of 14 prophets are mentioned in the ghazals of both poets.In the case of Adam, Biddle pays attention to the issue of being created from flowers, the story of Satan and eating wheat, and Amir Khosrow mentions the prostration of Angels. Both poets have created themes inspired by heaven. Biddle and Amir Khosrow refer to Noah's storm; Amir Khosrow also mentions Noah's Ark. Biddle and Amir Khosrow have referred to the idolatry of Ibrahim and the fire of Nimrod and have used it to explain thought. Blindness, the expectation of Jacob and the smell of Joseph's shirt were used by two poets with different looks. The story of throwing Yusuf in the well, enduring prison, Zalika's love for him and slavery, is used in the ghazals of Biddle and Amir Khosrow with different attitudes. The demand for the meeting of God and the lack of honor of the meeting of God are mentioned by both poets; Biddle mentions the miracle of "yedbeida" and Amir Khosrow from the staff of Moses. Both poets have mentioned Khadr's guidance, the water of life and Khadr's relationship with Alexander. In Jesus 'case, the issue of" ion "and" Ascension " is mentioned in the ghazals of both poets.The wealth of Solomon and his throne, as well as his ring and on the other hand the encounter with ants, are mentioned in the ghazals of both poets with different views and different themes. Amir Khosrow mentions the character of David, Yunus and job, and Biddle has no mention. Biddle paid attention to Elias ' character and Amir Khosrow did not mention it. The Prophet(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said about Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) about his good deeds and guidance, and he spoke of the intercession, the intercession and the perfection of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him).3. ResultAmir Khosrow dahlowi and Biddle dahlowi are two lightweight poets with luxurious ghazals. Amir Khosrow's Ghazals are more romantic and often Biddle's Ghazals are erotic. The common themes of poetry in the ghazals of the two poets are the reference to the names and titles and stories of the prophets and the various literary uses and the creation of creative meanings of the aforementioned themes in expressing thoughts and feelings. In many cases, the two poets have sung common themes, referring to the names and titles of the prophets. Amir Khosrow has benefited more from "Yusuf" in terms of romantic themes, and Biddle has benefited more from "Khadr" in terms of romantic themes. In the ghazals of Amir Khosrow, Yusuf is the most used with 31% and in the ghazals of Biddle, Khadr with 44%. In the ghazals of Amir Khosrow, Muhammad, Yunus and job are the least used with 1% and in the ghazals of Biddle, Elias and Noah with 2%. Amir Khosrow made the most of Khadr in the construction of meanings after Yusuf, and Biddle made the most of Yusuf in the expression of mystical thoughts after Khadr. Solomon and Jesus and Jacob and Adam are used on average in the ghazals of both poets, but the type of use of them varies with the creation of mystical and romantic themes. Moses and Khalil are also referred to by two poets, and they have basically paid attention to common themes, but they differ in the construction of meanings in terms of mystical and romantic views. Amir Khosrow refers to the character of Jonah and job, and Biddle does not refer to these two prophets. In singing the poem, Biddle paid attention to the character of Elias, which is appropriate to the mystical atmosphere and the behavior of the way, but Amir Khosrow called Elias Al-tafati does not. Amir Khosrow also used David's vocals to sing love poems, but Biddle did not use David's name or story.4. ReferencesThe Holy QuranAmir Khosrow, K. (2008). 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