کانون های ادبی هند در قرن دهم هجری قمری (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
مورخان تاریخ ادبیات سنّتی وقتی درباره زبان و ادبیات فارسی در هند سخن می گویند، با دقت و جزئیات به کانون های ادبی و تفاوت و شباهت آن ها در شبه قاره توجه نکرده اند و اغلب به صورت کلی به موضوع کانون های ادبی پرداخته اند. بر همین اساس، این مقاله با تمرکز بر متغیر «کانون ادبی» بنا دارد به تعیین و تعریف کانون های ادبی شبه قاره در قرن دهم هجری که شاعران و نویسندگان ایرانی در تأسیس و گسترش آن ها نقش اساسی و تأثیرگذار داشته اند، بپردازد. با بررسی تذکره های فارسی و نیز منابع دست اول تاریخی، به این نتیجه رسیدیم که در بازه زمانی مذکور، دست کم چهار کانون ادبی، قابل تشخیص است: کانون ادبی احمدنِگَر، کانون ادبی بیجاپور، کانون ادبی گُلکَنده و کانون ادبی آگره. ما همچنین مشخص کردیم که ادیبان مهاجر از کدام شهرهای ایران به این کانون ها مهاجرت کرده اند و در هر کانون ادبی به چه جایگاه و منزلتی دست یافته اند و نیز تصویری عمومی از اوضاع هر کانون ارائه داده ایم. در بررسی مقایسه ای پایان مقاله، کانون های یادشده با یکدیگر مقایسه شده اند.Literary centers of India in the 10th century AH
History of traditional literatures When talking about the Persian language and literature in India, the subcontinent is considered as a homogeneous, unified and coherent region. accordingly, the rulings they have issued regarding the vast Persian territory are general and indefinite. This article focuses on the variable "literary center" and aims to determine and define the literary centers of the subcontinent in the 10th century of Hijri. By examining first-hand historical sources, we came to the conclusion that at least four active literary centers can be identified in the mentioned time period: Ahmadnegar literary center, Bijapour literary center, Golkandeh literary center, and Agre literary center. We also determined from which Iranian cities the immigrant writers migrated to these centers. In the comparative review at the end of the article, the above centers have been compared with each other. 1. IntroductionIn traditional approach the more important thing than geography is authenticity because of this literary historious give us general information about Farsi language. they think they can generalize it to all of the part of language. So, if the geography and history have the same points we will have literature convocation in all ages. In all ages the literature convocation has some difference so to have good view of it. It is much better to clear the time period and location after that with studying and searching on convocation archive abd speech arrangement. Being dominated to convocation archive is hard but the article tries to do that. In this article we are going to study about India convocation in 10th century. However, in all convocation there are many famous writers but the authentication of each convocation of depends on eminence of each person in the convocation. The literary convocation become meaningful when we pay geography and history the same attention. However, in biography tradition many of them pay attention to geography. First generation literature history like foroozanfar boom it is improved that biography. The importance of Indian convocation can clear the literature and culture of Persian language in India. In this article we are going to talk about knowing four convocation of India (Ahmadnegar, Agre, Bijapour, Golkande) and find out how Iranian erudite help tis convocation.1.1. Detailed Research MethodologyInquiry method of this article is descriptive – analytic by studying biography and historical sources2. DiscussionEmigration in 10th century is one of the important parts of literary discourse. Change the Iranian politic-doctrinal condition and also economy and tourism attractions in India attract lot of Iranian poet to there but by entering the Indian they use other habitat politics and it affects their present time. Group of them choose difference convocation to be their basis as an example Malek Mohammad Golami reside in Ahmadnegar, Agre and Bijar convocation.Agre convocation because of many reasons like not being strict in religious part, being poem friendly and presentce of politicians. Literary like Mohammad Golami Mashhadi and Abolfazl Gilani that they got good promotion. King Akbar is really dominated about politics and culture make this convocation even better and more prospered than Safavi court. This convocation can accept the most Iranian emigrant then it was Bijapour, Ahmadnegar and Golkande.3. ConclusionBy emigration a lot of artist and literary India changes the literary convocation. In literary history studying they organize in traditional way. In this article we are going to pay attention to history and geography. In 10th century 4 literary convocation has made Agre, Bijapour, Ahmadnegar and Golkande. 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